Xanthylium dye salts as filter and antihalation dyes in photographic materials



Feb. 8,

19494 T R. 'rHoMPsoN XANTHYLIUM DYE BLTS AS FILTER `AND ANTIHALATIOH DYES IN PHOTOGRAPHIC MATERIALSl riled .nm-s1` 21, 1945 Hl llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll HllHlIllllllllIlllHIHIIIIHHIIIU[[lllllll .rappeler IN VEvN TOR. moms fa' ffm/1mm BY @Lugw-Cwm A Trop/VE Ys.

Patented Feb. 8, 19j49 UNITED STATES XANTHYLIUM Diml sALTs As FILTER AND ANriHALA'rroN mms 1N rHo'rooRArz-nc MATERIALS f Thomas B.. Thompson, Binghamton, N. Y., assignor to General Aniline & Film Corporation, New York, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware Application .lune 21,

7 Claims.

This invention lrelates to filter and anti-halation dyes for photographic materials, and particularly to xanthylium dye salts as photographic lter and anti-halation dyes.

It is known in the art of making photographic materials such as multilayer color films, that color separation by the various layers is facilitated by the use of filters either incorporated directly into the emulsion layers or added as adjacent layers in the appropriate sequence.- For example, blue light passing through the nonsensitized blue sensitive layer must be absorbed by a minus blue (i. e., yellow) lter before it reaches the green sensitive and red sensitive layers, which are likewise sensitive to blue light. 15

Similarly, green absorbing lters are frequently desirable in order to obtain a better separation between the green and the red sensitive layers. Other lters with special characteristics are occasionally used, depending upon the absorption desired.

In a similar manner, colored light-,absorbing layers are frequently used adjacent to a photographic support in order to prevent light scattering or halation effects caused by reflection of light rays from the support onto the sensitive layer. Such layers are commonly known as antihalation layers.

In order to perform their desired functions. filter and anti-halation dyes must be stable in a colloid carrier. They `must be non-diiiusing and readily removable in the customary processing baths. Moreover, it is essential that they have no injurious eiects, such as fogging or desensitizing action, on the emulsion layers. Most dyes suggested in the past as suitable for filter layers fail to fuliill completely all of the above requirements.

The primary object of the present invention is to provide a class of xanthylium dye salts suit- I have discovered that dyes having an xanthylium structure, and containing an inorganic or 1945, Serial N0. 600,692

organic acidradical, are particularly adaptable l() stuffs usually employed. Furthermorathey are completelyand irreversibly decolorized in photographic processing baths, that is, the color of the dyes will not return in subsequent processing steps. The solubility of the xanthylium dye salts is more soluble in water than the perchlorate,V would recommend itself foruse." `On the other for alkali-soluble resin coatings.` alcohol solubility is desired, andthis can be achieved by using an organic acid radical such as, forexample. the acetate.

q A After the soluble dye is ymixed with a suitable ganic salt solution such as NaClOi, KIA or NI-liSCN. may be added. This serves to reduce the Water solubility oi" the dyes and thereby en'- `sure thatthe dyes will be more tenaciously re- 3 tained by the colloidal carrier.

I have also found that the xanthylium dye sans,

have sharp cut-offs in their absorption curves. This characteristic makes them particularly usefjil in the prepartion of light filters in the form of non gelatin foils or other suitable film forming substances known to the art for use Yin photography or industrial applications where light yof a definite duality is desi-red; v

The xanthylium dye salts contemplated by the present invention are, characterized by a structure corresponding to the following general formula:

`lmay be effectively controlled by varying the 'l colloidal carrier, a small quantity of an inorwherein l. is either hydrogen or a hydroxy group,

may be alkoxy, e. inethoxy, ethoxy, proetc., alkyla-mino, o. g., methylamine, ethylamine, propylamine, butylamine', etc., dialkylamino. e. g., dimethylamino, diethylamino, dipropylamind andi thelike, and X represents an. acid radical, e. g., C1, Br, I, S04, C104, C2H30`z, SGSCHzCOOI-l, SOsCeHLiCl-Ia, FeClr, and the like.

The method for the preparation of xanthyliurn dye salts is described by Atkinsonarld Heilbron in J. C. S., p. 682-684, 1926. The method consists of condensing an xanthylium salt, which contains a reactive methyl groupin para.l posi.- tion to the oxygen atom of the xanthylium ring, with an aromatic aldehyde in the.; presence; of an acid.

Typical xanthylium salts containing a reactive methyl group which can be employed in thercorxdensation with an aromatic aldehyde are i-methyl-Xanthylium chloride, 3.9-dihydroxy-6-methylxa'nthylium chloride, B-hydroxy-B-rnethylxanthylirum chloride and the like.

As typical illustrations of aromatic aldehydes usable for .the preparation of Xanthylium dye salts, may be mentioned, benzaldehyde, p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde, p hydroxybenzaldehyde, `pmethoxybenzaldehyde,. p-diethylaminobenzaldehyde, 2,4 dihydroxy benzaldehyda. panisaldehyde, vanllin and the like. Inpla'ce of aromatc'valdehydes, the intermediates known in the art of cyanine dyemanufaceure may be, used, as for example. 2- (fx-acetanilidoyinyl) benzothiazole ethiodide, 2-formylmethine-1,3,3-indoline, ethyl orthofcrmate, ethoxyac'zrolein4 diethylacetal, and the like.

The xanthylum dye'salts may be incorporated in a 'carrier medium such as organic esters of cellulose, e. g., 'h'ydioxyethyl cellulose, water solubl'salts of dicarboxylic acid esters of cellulose described in U; VS'.v Patent 1,854,035; polyesters,

Ypolyamides,'synthetic resins such as Vinyl acetal' resins, polyvinyl ac'etalaldehyde' acetal l resins and partially hydrolyzed acetate resins described in U. S'."Patentsi1,939,422 and 2,036,092; polyvinyl alcohol; polyvinyl alcohol mixed withresorcinol;

polyvinyl propionaldehyde; polymerization prodi uctsfsuclr as` polyacrylic acid, polystyreneacrylic ing materials, which vmay be employed, will be.

hereinafter referred to as non-gelatin carrying media.

A Surface active agent such as sulfated oleic acid, alkylated mono 'sodiumv benze'iie'sulfonate, di-hexyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinate, sodium salt of analkylnaphthalene sulfonic acid', sodiun salt` of; tetrahydronaphthalene` sulforiic acid, calcium glycerin phosphate, alkylphenylpolyethylene glycol, oleic acid ester of hydroxyethane sulfonic acid and sulfonated higher molecular Weight primary or secondary aliphatic, aromatic and cyclo-aliphatic carboxy acida may be' added to the lter carrying medium to effect a smoother coating- It is to be noted, however, that' anycommercially ayailabl surface, active agent may be employed. The naturev of the surface active ,4 agent is immaterial so long as it possesses wetting, dispersing and emulsifying properties, and its aqueous solutions are colorless or only slightly tinted.

The followingexamples describe in detail the `methodsv ir accomplishing the above objects, but

it is-to be understood that theyare inserted mere- 1y for the purpose of illustrations and are not to ,be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. The parts are by weight unless other- Wise stated.

Example I 3,9-dihydroxy 6 p-methoxystyrylxanthylium chloride rhon- A mixture of 1 part of 3,9-dihydroxy-6-methylxanthylium chloride, 0.5 part of p-anisaldehyde, 3 parts` by Volume of acetic acid, and 2 parts by Volume or acetic anhydride was heated at reflux for 15' minutes. After standing overnight, the dye was precipitated with ether. A methanol solution of the dye is red-orange.

A resin (mixed polymerizate from Vinyl chloride and maleic acid anhydride) coating was made by adding 1 part by volume or a 1% methanol solution of the dye to 8 parts by volume of 5 to 8% solution of resin inalcohol and casting on a lm base. The coating thus obtained is red-orange. The color is readily discharged when the coating is immersed-in a common photographic developer anddoes not return in the presence oi anacid short-stop orhypo;

Eample II 3,9,- dihydroxyv6 p diethylaminostyrylXanthylium chloride Ikon-@Ayanami Example III 3,91-DihydroXy-6 p dimethylaminostyrylxanthylium chloride A, mixture ol4 0.67` parts. of 3-,9-dihydroxy---V methylxanthylium chloride, 0.4 parts of p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde, 4 parts by volume or aceticacictand 3,partsby,vo1umeof acetic an- "sur hydride' was heated at reflux for 15 minutes. The reactinmixture wasccoled to room temperature andthe dye precipitated with ether. The dye salt is soluble in alcohol and can be incorporated in a resin to give a backing coating of blue color.

In preparing filter and anti-.halation coatings from non-resinous carryingfmedia, various surface active agents, plasticizers, etc. may be used as is the common practice in the photographic industryi- It should be noted that the pH of the non-resinous coating composition need to be adjusted to suit thel particular Xanthylium dye salt used. In general, increased stability is obtained at a lower pH. Changes in pH may be advantageously employed to change the shade of color.

For the production of anti-halation coatings, the xanthylium dye salts of thepresent invention are incorporated into a water permeable nongelatin'- carrying medium, and the dispersions thus obtained cast in a known manner as an intermediate layer between the support and the emulsion or as a backing layer .on the rear surface of the emulsion support, or as a top coat on 'the emulsion when the material is intended ,e

to be exposed through the support.

The concentration of xanthylium dye salt used according to the present invention will vary somewhat depending upon the color desired. In general, the amount of Xanthylium dye salt will vary from about 1 to 2 grams per kilogram of an 8-10% aqueous, alcohol, or acetone solution of non-gelatin carrier media in the preparation of anti-halation layers. In the preparation of light lters and colored film bases, the concentration will depend upon the intensity of the color desired, and can be readily determined by a few practical experiments.

In the accompanying drawing the various figures are enlarged section views of photographic elements having filter and anti-halation layers made according to my invention.

As shown in Figure 1, the support l is provided t with an anti-halation layer 3, containing an Xanthylium dye salt. The light-sensitive emulsion layer 2 is attached 'to the anti-halation layer 3.

Figure 2 illustrates a film in which the support l is coated with a light-sensitive emulsion layer 2, and on the latter side there is provided a lter layer 3 containing an Xanthylium dye salt.

Figure 3 illustrates a lm of which the support l bears on one side the light-sensitive emulsion layer 2, and on the other side an anti-halation layer 3 containing an xanthylium dye salt.

Figure 4 illustrates a 'lm or plate of which the support I is provided with the light-sensitive non-gelatin emulsion layer 2 containing as a lter dye an Xanthylium dye salt.

The lter and anti-halation coatings prepared as described above have been found to have particularly good filter and anti-halation properties and to have no effect on the normal keeping properties of the light-sensitive layers.

It will Ibe understood that where in the claims appended hereto the term lilter layer is used, that such is intended to include anti-halation layer.

While the present invention has been described in considerable detail with reference to certain preferred procedures, materials and uses, it is understood that the class of Xanthylium dye salts and their use as filter and anti-halaton dyes is not limited thereto and that numerous variations andmodifications described in the foregoing speci ication may be'made. As'lfor example, a mix-f' ture of two or more xanthylium dye salts may be incorporated. in a layer to obtain differenti shades or increased neutral density. It is also understoodjthat non-gelatin colloidal media dyed with Xanthyliumdye salts may lbe coated on one or more ofmultilayer elements employed for color photography, which usually comprises a base -coatedwith two or three light-sensitive emul- A' sions, each of which records one of the desired vspectral regions. l j

I claim:

l. A'light sensitive photographic element comi .prising a base and a silver-halide emulsion car-i ried thereby, saidA element having a non-gelatin water permeable colloidal layer containing a dispersion of a formula:

'xanthylium dye salt having the 3. A light sensitive photographic element com prsing a base and a silver-halide emulsion carried thereby, said element having a non-gelatin water-permeable colloidal layer containing a dispersion of a xanthyliurn dye salt having the formula:v

4. A light sensitive photographic element comprising a base and a silver-halide emulsion carried thereby, said element having a non-gelatin water-permeable colloidal layer containing a dispersion of a Xanthyliurn dye salt having the formula:

I-Hol onheil-@emanan 5. A light-sensitive photographic lm having at least one silver-halide emulsion layer and at least one filter layer consisting of a non-gelatin, waterpermeable colloidal carrier having dispersed therein; as the.'` activev filteringV medium, a xanzthylium saltrof the genera-l formula:

consisting of alkoxy, alkylamino and dialkylamino groups, and X represents anacidlradcal.

6.4 A. light-sensitive photographic, lmfhaving,

at least one silver-halide emulsion layer and at least one lter layer consisting of a non-gelatin, Water-permeable colloidal carrier having dispersed therein, as the active filtering medium, a xanthylium dye salt of the formula:

w LUG 7. A light-sensitive photographic film having at least one silver-halide emulsion iayer and at least one filter layer consisting of -a non-gelatin, water-permeable colloidal carrier having dispersed therein, as the active filtering medium, a Xanthylium dye salt of the formula:

THOMAS R. THOMPSON.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS 20 Number Name Date.

1,305,195- Cocarnari May 27, 1919 1,990,877 Hickman Mar. 7, 1933 O'I-IERA REFERENCES Journal of the. Chemical Society (London) 1926, page 628-684.

Certificate of Correction Y Patent No. 2,461,485. February 8, 1949. THOMAS R. THOMPSON It is hereby certiied that errors appear in the printed specication of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows:

Column 4, line 58, for sodluble read soluble; line 70, Example III, for that portion of the formula reading N(O2H5)2 read N (0H3)2;

and that the said Letters Patent should beread with these corrections therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent OIice.

Signed and sealed this 23rd day of August, A. D. 1949.

THOMAS F. MURPHY,

Assistant Uommssz'oner of Patents. 

